Author: Luo Guangcai

One, introductive:

RFID is contact of a kind of blame is automatic identify a technology, it is low frequency by the different component that uses frequency (LF) , high frequency (HF) , ultrahigh frequency (UHF) , microwave (MW) , corresponding representative frequency is respectively: Low frequency 135KHz is the following, high frequency 2.4GHz of 860M~960MHz of 13.56MHz, UHF, microwave.

Through development of 20 years, ultrahigh frequency RFID is had as a result of its but remote identifying and the advantage of low cost, had been used extensively at business to exceed retail, content to shed archives of storage, books, prevent bogus to trace to the source wait for rife application domain, only 2022 year, global shipment volume exceeds 30 billion, carry the current that increases continuously.

Catenary of the development existing state of affairs of the ultrahigh frequency RFID that the article is aimed at and trend, industry develops a circumstance to undertake elaborating, introduce technology of a kind of new-style distributed UHF RFID.

2. The evolution of ultrahigh frequency RFID shows shape and trend

In April 2005, ministry of national science and technology started 863 plans task " research of technology of key of wireless radio frequency and development " , this mark wears what technology of our country RFID studies to begin. In June 2006, china was released " white paper of policy of Chinese RFID technology " , indicate the development of a RFID has raised national industry to develop strategic level.

From the point of applied domain, label of global UHF RFID and system in dress the application of retail industry takes the lead in erupting, become the daring vanguard that the industry grows. 2019, this field requirement exceeded 10 billion, retail tycoon enlighten at present major door store enabled Ka Nong the solution of ultrahigh frequency RFID, annual label dosage is in 1 billion above. Subsequently, application of much setting of global UHF RFID erupts, divide in dress outside retail industry, make in intelligence, the application of the domain such as safety of catharsis of car electron label, spin, medical treatment, food, library also is in rapid and arisen.

The main application domain of ultrahigh frequency RFID:

Clothing is retail: Clothing is retail belong to sell quickly article, stock turnover is rapid, article trends check, involve production, storage management of inn of content shedding, door and data are decision-making each link. Ultrahigh frequency RFID applies can in time statistic spends raw material amount, product inventory is seasonable check, product quality problem can trace to the source, prevent sham.

Books / archives management: Library tradition means uses magnetism mix a books of government of form code system, its automation rate is low, borrow read and remand need intervenes artificially, books is searched and classify difficulty, holding check the amount is time-consuming and arduous. Ultrahigh frequency RFID can simplify borrow the flow that return a book, reduce books check and search workload, the change borrows the case that reviews management and safe bequeath flow to be out of line, promotion library staff member and reader satisfaction are spent.

Storage content flows: The application that storage content sheds is very much, include airport baggage management, goods sorting, storage management, management of case of have enough to meet need. Through ultrahigh frequency RFID can come true to identify automatically to goods, automatic sorting, need not intervene artificially, quick and convenient, can have inventory government effectively, prevent theft, reduce a loss.

Asset management: RFID electron label has exclusive ID number, accordingly electronic label and asset individual one to one correspondence hind, pass the identifying of pair of electron label, achieve the administration of pair of individual assets. In the meantime, label of electron of ultrahigh frequency RFID has much label to read extraction characteristic at the same time, can realize fast and accurate goods check, realize the efficient management of asset. Wait to have wide application in asset of medical treatment equipment, tire management, electric power at present.

The product prevents bogus to trace to the source: The application that waits for each link is produced in company product through RFID technology, implementation prevents bogus, trace to the source, current accuse with the canal of the market, protect company brand and intellectual property, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumer.

Car electron plate: In motor-driven car jacket has ticket of an electron plate, regard car as the carrier of information label of electron of this UHF RFID, reading through identifying of authorized radio frequency write implement when a section of a highway, the data that goes up to label of electron of this motor vehicle undertakes collection or write, realize all car to digitlize a kind of advanced technique of management.

According to situation of current trade demand, 5 years development of RFID of our country UHF has future as follows 3 trends:

1, market dimensions grows ceaselessly: RFID technology is " interconnection of everythings on earth " crucial technology. Future, dimensions of market of global RFID industry will grow continuously, and ultrahigh frequency RFID is the domain with the rapiddest growth, our country can be application is added fast the swiftest state.

2, applied field is more extensive: At present ultrahigh frequency RFID is applied in garment industry wider. The development as the technology and gain ground, ultrahigh frequency RFID makes ceaseless infiltration intelligence, the domain such as catharsis of car electron label, spin, medical treatment. In the meantime, suffer global the sources of energy to be in short supply increasingly, the dweller is affected to the element such as environmental attention, the key field that oil gas conduit, electrified wire netting, car, building and other industry also will make ultrahigh frequency RFID use development.

3, product to muti_function develop: Future, technology of global UHF RFID will be united in wedlock with sensor, GPS, biology identifying, by onefold identifying to muti_function identifying development, implementation crosses the domain, application that crosses a trade.

3. The industrial catenary of ultrahigh frequency RFID is analysed

At present our country is mixed in low frequency the industrial catenary of high frequency RFID is relatively mature, product of domain of high frequency RFID already amounted to international level, still be in in domain of ultrahigh frequency RFID long-term, application and development of face of collect set prescription are relatively complete, label chip and read write implement manufacturer of chip respect home also begins to involve, but the market is overall portion is inferior.

Cent of catenary of industry of ultrahigh frequency FRID is mixed for upper reaches, middle reaches downstream 3 parts. Industrial catenary upper reaches includes antenna of label chip, label, enclose equipment and read write implement chip; Middle reaches uses upriver chip, antenna to wait, development is read write equipment and peripheral equipment; Undertake conformity to the product of middle reaches downstream, cooperate software to fashion a solution.

General label chip and read write implement chip market is centered exceedingly, head chip industry had formed dimensions advantage in this domain, new the market that the opportunity of entered label chip business basically has special demand in perpendicular application domain.

Label antenna is a link that pays attention to production, after the influence of the competition that passes the market and environmental protection policy, gross profit of label antenna segment can maintain right level, read write implement aerial market is scattered, because the amount is not large, integral gross profit is higher also.

The amount of label of current market of ultrahigh frequency RFID is very large, wastage is number with 100 million plan, current price is very accordingly transparent, competition is very intense also. Begin from 2010, china becomes the main production state of product of ticket of ultrahigh frequency RFID stage by stage, appeared research and development of many ultrahigh frequency RFID and production create a company, built a whole industrial catenary modes of life and relation to their environment.

On the solution conformity that faces perpendicular industry in ultrahigh frequency RFID, domestic emerge in large numbers gives many company, offer face the each industry application such as retail, content shedding, asset management, domestic company has held dominant position in the market.

For summary, competition of market of ultrahigh frequency RFID is more intense, the price of product of the last few years falls somewhat. This also means the prosperity of whole industry catenary and maturity, be helpful for industrial market expanding.

4. The limitation of ultrahigh frequency RFID

Although ultrahigh frequency RFID had received wide application in each industry, but in a few specific setting, its also have certain limitation.

What at present ultrahigh frequency RFID uses is to send and receive way of chance of an organic whole (hold or hang a wall) , working space is close (<10 rice) , do not support frequency cent, use at holding scanning and only door battlements commonly automatic scanning setting, read more write implement interference cannot accuse, mix to setting of check of large area storage many discrepancy needs time-sharing to work or read write implement between do high cost screen to keep apart.

Graph: Ultrahigh frequency RFID leaves nether problem in Sunday run setting

Application of RFID of UHF of type of traditional an organic whole faces a few challenges:

Challenge 1: Distance of traditional and passive RFID is close, deploy cost is high

Traditional RFID is read write implement send and receive an organic whole, send and receive need to solve power source to transmit, transform in existing setting, deploy cost is high.

Challenge 2: Much door / cost of deploy of setting of much crenel discrepancy is high

Traditional RFID supports time answer to use only, much door setting works at the same time interference is big, need has screen passageway to solve interference, deploy cost is high. Typical setting: The handling center of postal express line of business can exceed 120 doors commonly, large storage center also can have 50 or so.

Challenge 3: Automatic check efficiency is low

Traditional RFID does not support frequency cent, the means that when to large area storage check can be passed only, cent answer uses finishs check, time is long, efficiency is low.

Challenge 4: Asset dogs fixed position is difficult

Traditional RFID can support only place to enclothe only, do not offer enclothe continuously.

5. China for EPIoT solution

China the wireless technology that precedes to pass, break through the limitation of traditional UHF RFID, development goes EPIoT (Enterprise Passive IoT) solution, its are based on the concept of distributed RFID, on the basis that does not alter RFID principle, of innovation sex RFID read write implement undertook distributed design, be about to receiver and activator undertook departing designing, those who promoted RFID enclothe be apart from and read keep successful rate, realize RFID but successive group net, real time check, asset manages comprehensive and contented inventory market demand.

Graph: EPIoT solution framework

EPIoT solution cent is applied system, network and label 3 branch. Apply system and label to be able to use chain of current UHF industry among them, the solution undertook innovating on RFID network distributed design.

Receiver: The signal that controls activator is sent, the transmit that receives ticket reads access to occupy.

Activator: Issue incentive signal to circumjacent label according to the instruction of receiver.

Labour accuses machine: Install end of EPIoT MQTT client, support butt joint of standard MQTT server, realized a link to build, subscribe to and release the basic service function such as information, butt joint of convenient application system and compositive.

Aerial: Activator antenna, individual activator can receive 4 antenna to enlarge signal to enclothe.

The design means that EPIoT departs with transmit through will be being accepted, can the interference between avoid signal, solved RFID can only place is enclothed, the problem that cannot undertake successive group net is enclothed, came true to be enclothed in the round by what choose a side, can offer the solution of following setting.

1, automation goods check: Through deploy many receiver and the activator that arouse label transmit realize signal to be enclothed completely to storeroom, receiver reads extraction label data to accuse through labour machine provide superstratum application.

2, goods gives government of put in storage: Receiver of two lateral arrange mixes discrepancy library passageway activator, read news of the label on content of engaging the load, undertake administrative to storeroom of goods pass in and out.

3, management of working procedure of product line exercise: Every work that produces a line the antenna of activator of upper part deploy, read take tool board to be versed in in every a retention period that go up, receiver dominates data through labour machine provide superstratum application.

Opposite at traditional RFID plan, the advantage of EPIoT distributed RFID has:

1, cover a distance far: Receiver and activator frequency are kept apart, admit signal sensitivity tall, send and receive detached design, the largest space can amount to receiver 100 meters, activator enclothes distance 10m above, activator promoted 1 times relative to traditional RFID,

2, accuracy rate is high: Receiver consolidates management to activator, frequency cooperates with between activator, avoid to disturb. When successive group net, read take accuracy rate to be able to achieve 99% above, the goods inside supportive storage bolts type check.

3, supportive direction judgement: Read those who take label news through many antenna early or late data, but accurate judgement goods is put in storage or delivery of cargo from storage.

China had been in at present for EPIoT solution Qingdao the yield of some factory the line undertakes business uses deploy, condition of exercise of implementation product line is visible.

The rich zoology of the ultrahigh frequency RFID that EPIoT uses, the design of innovation undertook in framework of products plan, plan, promoted ultrahigh frequency RFID enclothe distance, data to read take efficiency and successful rate, it is the strong complement that ultrahigh frequency RFID applies in the industry.

6. Summary

Altogether, RFID is a technology that develops flourishingly, have tremendous market potential. What can foreknow is, RFID makes more thorough production the daily living that reachs people in, the RFID technology of all sorts of innovation also will ceaseless emerge in large numbers, satisfy the content couplet requirement below different setting.