In the past in 75 years, sensor is producing mainer and mainer effect in medical progress.

With the medical treatment sensor that asks for at monitoring style of human body life, include temperature, blood pressure, heartbeat and ventilatory frequency, had become more and more complex. But sensor asks for a respect in the life style that measures medical treatment equipment very useful also.

Temperature monitoring

Come a few years, people uses vitreous ball thermometer to measure temperature all the time. In 20 centuries 70 time, its are contained to count the electronic version place that the word shows to replace. These are small activate equipment, need inserts the somewhere inside patient system.

Nowadays, the commonnest device is the sensor of blame contact temperature that is based on thermopile, its job principle is similar to miniature infra-red camera. Its measure cutaneous radiate heat energy, offer output signal with skin temperature proportionate. Need a few seconds to be able to be read only take reading, and dispute contact, conduce to the transmission that prevents bacterium and virus.

Its are enclosed in sealed crust of small-sized TO-5 or TO-18, OK and relaxed installation is on PC board. Thermopile is silicon chip go up tens of or the miniature array of hundreds thermocouple component. The design of this chip makes the node of its coping is exposed fall in afferent infra-red radiate, and the reverse side receives metallic joint repeatedly and maintain fall in environmental temperature. Thermocouple series connection joins, so that its output addition. Signal the sum offerred extent to be the usable output of tens of millivolt.

Graph 2. Thermopile cutaway view. (picture origin: TES)

The cutaway view of typical thermopile is shown 2 times like the graph. After chip is installed, can pass only transparent to infra-red wavelengh window " see " . This conduces to the interference that removes visible light. When heating (or cooling) when the heat energy of the object enters the window, its can bump thermocouple array and change temperature of its coping surface. Consult with temperature sensor will measure environmental temperature alone on metallic joint, because this thermopile is mixed,the signal needing branch between reference can be used at computation to be measured the actual temperature of the object. Pass processing of a few downstream signal and compensation, 1% – of ± of OK and relaxed implementation the precision inside 2% limits of ± .

Monitoring of arterial blood pressure

Invented a kind of practical blood pressure sleeve to take 1905, all the time continue to use up to now. Contemporary tonometer is used easily, but provide indirect measurement only, accuracy range is wider. The hand in well-trained operator hand moves belt of blood pressure sleeve to be able to achieve the accuracy of nearly 98% . The accuracy of electron and equipment of digital blood pressure is normally 70% . Below these two kinds of circumstances, they offer average reading only.

In the medical treatment program that develops recently, people discovery reads the data with take blood pressure to be able to be offerred for the surgeon better directly in operation spot, provide better result for the patient. The sensor business section of TE Connectivity rolled out sensor of Intrasense miniature blood pressure recently. The dimension that its markeddest characteristic is minimum -- integral dimension is long 800 μ Mx is wide 270 μ Mx is tall 70 μ M.

Pressure sensor of graph 3.Intrasense miniature. (picture origin: TES)

Intrasense is an absolutely pressure sensor that is based on MEMS, clinical limits is - 300 MmHg comes + 500 MmHg. Half bridge-type design uses two on MEMS chip cell that control block, as use force and change its resistance. The enlarge that signal is conveyed to be carried nearly to 300mm down-lead and compensation PC board.

This kind of sensor can be placed in very fine conduit or seal wire most advanced, it is next in crucial surgical operation process the out-of-the-way position that is used at body interior, for example the artery between heart antrum room, skull, even the kidney is in-house.

Heartbeat and breath lead monitoring

TE Connectivity and Stanford academy (SRI) joint development chair of a demonstrative intelligence, the heartbeat of the person that can measure sit quietly and breath are led. This chair placed component of film of the polymer that suppress report ably. These pass feeling component to be able to detect heartbeat and breath.

Film of the polymer that suppress report is a kind by get together slant 2 fluorine ethylene (the distinctive material that PVDF) makes. Adopt special production technique, this kind of film can make the film that suppress report, this kind of character makes material is in charge is generated when mechanical stress. This film is very thin (28 μ M) , withy, when somebody sits down, be accorded with very easily and detect the stress bear of cushion interior.

In breathing a process, mix as the dilate that breathes every time as thorax contractive, the centre of gravity of the body will be slight and mobile. The component suppressing report in the chair detects these dynamic change, provide usable signal to electronic equipment. To the heartbeat, what sensor uses is ballistic and enchanted graph, this is a kind of pressure wave that generates by arterial pulse, to the skin detects normally. This demonstrated future version will be added on chair foot say to weigh sensor, the person that so that be opposite,use undertakes saying to weigh. Add the more sensor that suppress report to also will conduce to detect the body dimension of the person that use. Besides weight data, still can calculate index of quality of style of one's previous experience (BMI) . This chair makes the superexcellent tool that domestic Medical Protection uses, because do not need to pass groomed medical treatment professional, can undertake at any time small-sized " examination " -- need to sit to loosen quietly only can.

Graph 4. Chair of intelligent medical treatment. (picture origin: TES)

Monitoring of ego of medical treatment equipment

Cure and machine of surgical medical treatment must have very high definition. Move to ensure the instrument is normal, design personnel is adding sensor to dog now crucial machine function. These sensor have kind of two kinds of jobs. They can make the one part of feedback and control loop, measure parameter, undertake adjustment to equipment next, make its maintain in appoint move inside limits. This sensor still can use as ultimate alarm. Exceed norms or machine to appear with some kind of means when parameter when breakdown, sensor can issue breakdown circumstance warning to operator, can shut a machine even in order to protect patient security.

Graph 5. Typical and medical the block diagram of lung ventilator. (picture origin: TES)

Contemporary and medical in lung ventilator inside the good example that the sensor of buy is this kind of technology. Graph the in-house work principle that 5 medium block diagram showed typical machine. Ask an attention, besides a sensor, all sensor are in the function of monitoring lung ventilator. CO 2 sensor is the sensor that monitors patient function exclusively.

Domestic Medical Protection

Medical bound has a kind of tendency, be about to the patient arrives from hospital move in environment of domestic Medical Protection. The patient is more comfortable in the home. They get the attention of familiar paramedic, can restore quickly from inside the disease. In equipment of domestic Medical Protection inside the sensor of buy makes a machine reliable, the operation is simple, and need not medical treatment professional pays close attention to continuously. Its are the security that enhanced a patient as a result, improved medical treatment result.

Future

Industry of whole medical treatment is trying hard to go to more sensor conformity in the machine that doctor and its group use and program. The accretion of sensor conduces to the function that pays close attention to equipment closely and function, make medical treatment professional can change the look to the patient thereby, create better clinical outcome. No matter be to be used at monitoring patient, still be the medical treatment machine that monitoring uses at treating a patient, of sensor gain ground to bring the academia that it is cure huge profit increasingly.